For most of us, the lift is so routine that we rarely stop to think about its safety until something goes wrong. And when it does, the consequences can be serious.

In 2023, a lift mishap in a housing society in Borivali left two residents injured after the elevator stopped abruptly between floors. A later probe found that the society’s Annual Maintenance Contract (AMC) had lapsed, and the inspection logs were incomplete. This isn’t an isolated case. Across Mumbai and nearby regions like Thane and Navi Mumbai, at least 30 elevator-related accidents have been reported in the last five years—most due to poor maintenance or outdated systems.

For Resident Welfare Associations (RWAs), lift safety is both a legal and moral responsibility. From obtaining the right licenses to conducting regular inspections, societies need to stay on top of the rules laid down by the state government and the BMC. This blog aims to simplify these rules and help RWAs in Mumbai understand exactly what’s required to keep elevators safe and compliant.

Why RWAs must pay attention to lift safety

Elevators are high-maintenance machines. Their parts are constantly in motion, bearing heavy loads multiple times a day. A single overlooked safety feature can lead to mechanical failure, power interruptions, or even accidents.

RWAs are directly accountable if something happens due to negligence. Legal penalties aside, the bigger issue is the risk to residents’ lives and society’s reputation. The Maharashtra government has made it clear: elevator safety is not optional.

The legal framework for Mumbai RWAs

Two primary laws govern elevator operations in Mumbai:

The Maharashtra Lifts, Escalators and Moving Walks Act, 2017

• This Act replaced the old Maharashtra Lift Act of 1939, making safety guidelines stricter and more transparent.
• RWAs must get prior permission from the Electrical Inspector (Lifts) for every new lift installation.
• Licenses are valid for 20 years but require renewal every 5 years.
• Non-compliance with licensing or safety norms attracts penalties up to ₹50,000, plus ₹1,000 per day for continued violations.

The Bombay Lift Rules, 1958

• These older rules are still followed for certain technical standards until the 2017 Act is fully implemented.
• Compulsory inspections are conducted twice a year by the Electrical Inspectorate.
• Societies must maintain a lift logbook with all service and repair details.
• Key safety features, such as speed governors, brakes, and emergency alarms, are specifically outlined in these rules.

Getting a lift license

Before a lift can be operational, the RWA or builder must secure a license.

Here’s how the process works:

1. Submit installation plans: The society or builder must submit detailed technical plans to the Electrical Inspector. This includes the lift capacity, speed, and load specifications.
2. Hire certified contractors: Only licensed contractors can handle installation or repair work. Any unauthorized work can invalidate your license and delay the Occupation Certificate (OC).
3. Initial inspection: Once the lift is installed, the Electrical Inspector performs a thorough check to ensure all safety norms are met.
4. License issuance: The lift is certified for use after passing inspection.
5. Periodic renewal: Every five years, RWAs must renew the lift license and submit the updated inspection certificates.

Mandatory safety features for housing society lifts

The Bureau of Indian Standards (BIS) and state regulations have outlined some must-have safety mechanisms:

• Automatic rescue devices (ARD): Ensure passengers are safely moved to the nearest floor during a power failure.
• Two-way communication systems: An intercom or alarm button connected to the security cabin or control room.
• Emergency lighting & backup power: Keeps the lift operational during power outages.
• Fire-resistant lift shafts: Mandatory for high-rise buildings, especially those over 22 floors (approx. 70 meters).
• Safety sensors on doors: To prevent accidental closing on passengers.

Annual maintenance & AMC agreements

RWAs are legally bound to keep their elevators in safe working order through an AMC (Annual Maintenance Contract).

• Monthly inspections: The service provider must check brake systems, cables, lubrication, and safety sensors every month.
• Bi-annual safety tests: An electrical inspector or certified engineer must test the elevator’s performance twice a year.
• Logbook records: Every service visit and repair must be recorded and signed.

Always go with a BIS-approved elevator agency. It’s tempting to save money by hiring a local contractor, but in the event of an accident, society will be held responsible for hiring unlicensed personnel.

Penalties for non-compliance

Failure to follow elevator safety norms can result in heavy fines and legal action:

• Up to ₹50,000 penalty for operating lifts without a valid license.
• ₹1,000 per day for ongoing violations.
• In extreme cases, the Electrical Inspector has the authority to seal lifts.
• If an accident occurs due to negligence, society can face criminal charges or be sued by affected families.

Fire safety & special lifts for high-rises

Mumbai’s Development Control and Promotion Regulations (DCPR 2034) require all high-rises (above 70 meters) to have at least one fire evacuation lift.

• These lifts are designed to operate during fire emergencies and must have fire-rated shafts.
• A dedicated power backup is essential to keep them operational.
• RWAs are responsible for ensuring annual fire drills to educate residents about emergency evacuation.

What can RWAs do proactively?

To avoid both accidents and penalties, RWAs should adopt these best practices:

• Display the lift license: Paste the valid license inside the cabin for public viewing.
• Create a maintenance calendar: Schedule AMC checks and fire drills at the start of every year.
• Keep residents informed: Share maintenance schedules in the society’s WhatsApp group or notice boards.
• Replacement plan: If your lift is over 20 years old, start budgeting for replacement. Modern lifts have better safety features and energy efficiency.

You can read the official Bombay Lift Rules, 1958 to understand all technical and legal requirements for lifts and stay compliant with the law.

Elevator safety isn’t something RWAs can afford to take lightly. A well-maintained lift not only ensures smooth day-to-day living but also protects society from potential lawsuits and penalties. Mumbai’s regulations are clear: if you own a lift, you must keep it safe, licensed, and regularly inspected.